Why Due Diligence Matters
Proper due diligence protects your investment by uncovering issues before you're legally committed. Skipping steps can lead to costly problems: undisclosed debts, illegal constructions, or ownership disputes.
Property Registry Check (Nota Simple)
Verify ownership, property description, boundaries, and any charges (mortgages, liens, easements). Ensure the seller has clear title and authority to sell. This is always the first step.
Urban Planning Compliance
Confirm the property complies with local planning regulations. Check for illegal extensions, constructions in protected zones, or future development plans that could affect value or enjoyment.
Outstanding Debts & Charges
Verify no outstanding IBI (property tax), community fees, utility bills, or other debts. In Spain, property debts can transfer to new owners, so clearance certificates are essential.
Building & Occupation Licenses
Ensure proper building licenses were obtained and an occupancy certificate (cédula de habitabilidad or licencia de ocupación) exists. Without this, you may face issues with utilities or insurance.
Community Statutes & Minutes
For apartments or developments, review community statutes (rules and regulations) and recent meeting minutes. Check for planned works, disputes, or special assessments that could affect you.
Physical & Technical Inspection
Consider a professional survey, especially for older properties. Check structural condition, installations (electrical, plumbing), humidity, and any areas of concern.
Energy Performance Certificate
Legally required for all sales, this certificate rates the property's energy efficiency. While important, don't overweight this—many Spanish properties have lower ratings but reasonable running costs.
Important Disclaimer
This guide provides general information only and should not be considered legal, tax, or financial advice. Always consult with qualified professionals for your specific situation.